- Anti-catabolic
- Inhibiting protein breakdown
- Improve body composition
- It takes 60g of Leucine to get 3g HMB
- It takes 15g of KIC to get 3g of HMB

Our body takes protein, extracts amino acid Leucine from it
and through a few biochemical pathways converts it into
KIC and subsequently HMB. Amino acid Leucine, KIC, and
HMB are related this way.

Leucine is a branched-chain amino acid that has been
shown to be capable of being broken down directly for
energy. Leucine in very large dose (up to 60g per day)
exhibit an anti catabolic effect on muscles in stressful
conditions (for example during dieting, intense and
frequent training). It is estimated that it will need 15g of
KIC (alpha Ketoisocaproate) per day to be equivalent to
just 3g of HMB to achieve the same result to gain lean
body mass. Hence taking Leucine or KIC looking for the
anti catabolic effect will be expensive and impractical.

HMB has a short four-hours time span. The best way to
use HMB will be 500mg every 3 hours when awake.

Scientific References
1. Nutrition. 2001 Jul-Aug;17(7-8):558-66. Creatine and
beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) additively increase lean
body mass and muscle strength during a weight-training
program.Jówko E. et al.

2. Nutrition. 2000 Sep;16(9):734-9. Nutritional supplementation of
the leucine metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (hmb)
during resistance training. Panton LB al.

3. J Nutr. 2001 Jul;131(7):2049-52. Body composition in
70-year-old adults responds to dietary
beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate similarly to that of young adults.
Vukovich MD et al.

4. J Appl Physiol. 1996 Nov;81(5):2095-104. Effect of leucine
metabolite beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on muscle
metabolism during resistance-exercise training. Nissen S et al.

5. Sports Med. 1999 Jun;27(6):347-58. Leucine supplementation
and intensive training. Mero A.

6.  J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2000 Sep;40(3):240-6. Effects of
branched-chain amino acid supplementation on serum creatine
kinase and lactate dehydrogenase after prolonged exercise.
Coombes JS, McNaughton LR.

7. Food Chem Toxicol. 2005 Dec;43(12):1731-41. Dietary toxicity
of calcium beta-hydroxy-beta-methyl butyrate (CaHMB). Baxter JH
et al.

8. J Appl Physiol. 2000 Oct;89(4):1340-4. Effects of
beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate on muscle damage after a
prolonged run. Knitter AE et al.

9.  Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2005 Aug;15(4):413-24.
Supplementation with beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) and
alpha-ketoisocaproic acid (KIC) reduces signs and symptoms of
exercise-induced muscle damage in man. van Someren KA,
Edwards AJ & Howatson G.
Supplement Facts
Serving Size: 1 Capsule
Servings Per Container: 180


Amount Per Serving
HMB                      500 mg†
(beta-hydroxy beta-methlbutyrate)

Other Ingredients:
Microcrystalline cellulose, Madnesium
Stearate)

Suggested Use:
As a dietary supplement, take 1-2
capsule 3 times daily.
Primaforce's
HMB 180's
Anti-Catabolic Metabolite from Leucine
$62